Padlock.



J. T. MURPHY.

PADLOGK.

APPLICATION FILED Ammo, 1914.

1, 1 00,391 Patented June 16,1914.

COLUMBIA PLANou'RApn co.,wAsH|Nu-roN, n. c.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES J. MURPHY, OF TERBYVILLE, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR T0 EAGLE LOCK 00.,0F TERRYVILLE, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION.

IPADLOCK.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 16, 191 1.

Application. filed April 20, 1914. Serial No. 833,260.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMns J. MURPHY, a citizen of the United States,residing at Terryville, in the county of Litchfield and State ofConnecticut, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Padlocks; andll do hereby declare the following, when taken in connection with theaccompanying drawings, and the characters of reference marked thereon,to be afull, clear, and exact description of the same, and which saiddrawings constitute part of this application, and represent in- Figure 1a View in front elevation of a padlock constructed in accordance with myinvention, showing its shackle in its closed position and its pivotal,duplex guard-lever in its guarding position. Fig. 2 a corresponding viewwith the cover of the case removed. Fig, 3 a similar View with theshackle in its open position. Fig. a a detached view of the duplexguard-lever. Fig. 5 a detached view of one of the tumblers of the outeror left bank of tumblers. Fig. 6 a corresponding View of one of thetumblers of the inner or right bank of tumblers.

My invention relates to an improvement in that class of padlocks inwhich the shackle is locked in its closed position by means ofspring-actuated tumblers protected by a guard-lever, the object being toproduce a simple, strong and reliable padlock having a high degree ofsecurity against being surreptitiously opened by hammering or jarringthe lock case in such a manner as to gradually disengage the tumblersfrom the nose of the shackle.

With these ends in view, my invention consists in a padlock havingcertain details of construction as will be hereinafter described andpointed out in the claims.

In carrying out my invention as herein shown I employ two stacks ofspring-actuated pivotal tumblers 2 and 8 arranged, as it were, to faceeach other and substantially located upon the opposite sides of a linelongitudinally intersecting the center of the nose 1 of a shackle 5 theheel 6 of which swings upon a rivet or stud 7 in the pad lock case 8. Toenable these two stacks of tumblers to be crowded into the said case 8with freedom for swinging movement therein, the tumblers 2 constitutingthe left hand or outer stack are, as herein shown, made considerablyshorter than the tumblers 3 constituting the right hand or inner stack.The hooked outer ends 9 of the tumblers 2 coact with a locking-notch 10in the outer edge of the nose 4 of the shackle, while the hooked outerends 11 of the tumblers 3 co-act with a locking-notch 12 in the inneredge of the nose of the shackle at a point considerably within thelockingnotch 10 aforesaid, the said hooked ends of the tumblers facingeach other. The tumblers of both stacks of tumblers are rounded at theirhooked upper ends so as to be cammed back by the cam-like terminal 13 ofthe shackle-nose 4: when the same is crowded against them in swingingthe shackle into its closed position against the tension of theshackle-spring 14: which may be of any suitable construction andarrangement. The tumblers of the respective stacks of tumblers are hungupon rivets or studs 15 and 16 and constantly urged into their closedand locking positions by means of springs 17 of which, as shown, thereis one for each pair of tumblers, a pair of tumblers being, as the termis used, complementary tumblers of the two stacks lying in the sameplane therein. For the reception of the springs 17 each of the tumblers2 is formed with a notch 18 and each of the tumblers 3 with a notch 19.

For positively locking the tumblers of the respective stacks in theirlocked positions, I employ a duplex guard-lever 20 transversely arrangedwith respect to the axes of the tumblers and pivotally mounted aboutmidway of its length upon a rivet or stud 21 which rises, as shown inFigs. 2 and 3., between the two stacks of tumblers. At its outer end thesaid guard-lever 20 is furnished with a stump 22 which in the normal orguarding position of the lever, stands closely adjacent to an outwardlyprojecting locking-lug 23 formed upon the outer edge of one or more ofthe tumblers 2 of the outer stack, while the inner end of the saidguard-lever 20 is formed with a corresponding stump 24; arranged inposition to coact with a locking-lug 25 formed upon theouter edge of oneor more of the tumblers 3 of the inner stack at a point just above aclearance notch 26 formed in the said tumblers of the inner stack forthe reception of the stump 24 when all of the tumblers are swung upontheir respective studs 15 and 16 by the application of a suitable key tothe post 27. At its inner end the said guarddever 20 is provided with apin 28 for engagement by one arm of the guard-lever spring 29 the otherarm of which is engaged with the inside of thelockcase S, the saidspring being coiled midway of its length for being mounted upon therivet or stud 30. A plate 31 mounted upon the studs 16 and 30 isemployed for holding the spring 29 in place.

The right hand end of the guard-lever 20 is shaped to form alocking-edge 32 which when the shackle 5 is in its closed and lockedposition, stands adjacent to the inner edge of a locking-arm 33 formedupon the heel of the shackle as shown in Fig. 2, whereby the guard-lever20 assists the tumblers of the respective stacks of tumblers 2 and 3 inlocking the shackle 5. The said arm 33 also operates when the shackle isbeing swung from its open to its closed position, to turn the lever 20on its stud 21 whereby the stumps 22 and 24 of the said lever are swungin opposite directions into their clearance positions in which theypermit the stacks of tumblers 2 and 3 to be forced apart by thesuccessive engagement of the cam-like terminal 13 of the shackle withthe camlike or rounded hooked upper ends 9 and 10 of the tumblers.

When the shackle is in its closed and locked position the undercut upperends 9 and 11 of its tumblers are entered into the notches 10 and 12 inthe opposite edges of the nose of the shackle. At thisgtime the stumps22 and 24 of the transversely arranged guard-lever 20 stand guard overthe respective stacks of tumblers and prevent them from being jarredaway from each other sufficiently to have their undercut upper ends 9and 11 disengaged from the locking-notches 10 and 12. The surreptitiousunlocking of the padlock will be effectually frustrated by theengagement of the projections 23 and 25 of one or more tumblers of eachstack of tumblers with the respective stumps 22 and 24 of the guardleverwhich in effect acts as a cross-tie for both stacks of tumblers, wherebythe said lever 20 will be gripped and firmly held against being turnedon its pivot 21. The padlock can now only be opened by the lnsertion ofits proper key, the first oflice of which will be to swing the lever 20for the movement of its ends in opposite directions and so that thetumblers of the two stacks of tumblers will be released by the carriageof the stump 22 above the projection 23 of one or more of the tumblers 2and by the registration of. the stump 24 with the clearance slot 26 ofone or more of the tumblers 3 as shown in Fig. 3, thus releasing thetumblers to the action of the key which will then swing them apart so asto disengage their hooke upper ends 9 and 11 from the notches 10 and 12in the nose of the shackle which will then be thrown into its openposition by its spring 14-. hen the key is removed from the padlock, thespring 29 of the guard-lever 20 turns the same on its pivot 21 andbrings the edge 32 of the lever into engagement with the cam-like end ofthe arm 33 of the shackle. Now when the shackle is swung against thetension of its spring 14 into its closed position, its first effect willbe to swing the lever 20 into its clearance position in which it isshown in Fig. 3, thus preparing for the separation of the tumblers forthe entrance of the nose of the shackle between them and into thelock-case.

It will be seen from the foregoing that the two stacks of leversengaging as they do with the opposite edges of the nose of the shackle,are interposed between the stumps 22 and 24 of a transversely arrangedguard-lever 20 which prevents the tumblers from being sul'licientlyjarred apart to release the shackle, and that the only effect ofattempting to jar the tumblers apart will be to engage them with theslumps in such a way as to bind the lever 20 in its guarding positionfrom which it cannot be dislodged except by means of the proper key ofthe lock. In further explanation of the guarding function of theguard-lever 20, it may be said that the blows chiefly re lied upon forsurreptitiously opening padlocks of the type to which my inventionhelongs are blows upon the lower edge of the case exerting their effectsubstantially in line with the longitudinal. axis of the tumblers whichunder such blows are caused to rebound and gradually release their holdupon the nose of the shackle. These blows are largely neutralized intheir eitect upon the guard-lever by arranging the same sub stantiallyat a right angle to the direction in which the blows must exert theirforce upon the tumblers in order to accomplish their intendedsurreptitious purpose. In the padlock chosen for illustration, theeffect of such blows will be to jar the tumblers 3 of the inner stackoutward so as to engage their projections 25 with the stump 2 1 at theright hand end of the guard-lever 20, whereby the same will be blockedand prevented from swinging on its pivot 21. Continned hammering uponthe lower end of the lock may now ar the tumblers 2 of the outer stackin an outward direction only to bring their projections 23 intoengagement with the stump 22 at the left hand end of the guard-leverwhich will then be held firmly at both ends and effectually prevent thetumblers from being disengaged from the shackle. A high degree ofprotection would however be secured by having but one stack of tumblerscoact with the transversely arranged guard-lever and such a constructionI claim as falling within the purview of my invention which consists inav transversely arranged guard-lever pivoted between two stacks oftumblers arranged to coact with the nose of the shackle on oppositesides thereof.

I claim 1. In a padlock, the combination with the case thereof, of ashackle, two pivotal tumblers respectively arranged to engage with theopposite edges of the nose of the shackle, and a guard-lever adapted toco-act with the outer edges of the respective tumblers and prevent themfrom being jarred into their unlocked positions.

2. In a padlock, the combination with the case thereof, of a shackle,two tumblers respectively engaging with the opposite edges of the noseof the shackle, and a transversely arranged guard-lever pivoted betweenthe respective tumblers and preventing their outward movement away fromeach other into their unlocked positions.

3. In a padlock, the combination with the case thereof, of a shackle,two tumblers respectively engaging with opposite edges of the nose ofthe shackle, and a guard-lever pivoted between the tumblers and providedwith stumps engaging with the outer edges of the tumblers for preventingthem from being jarred into their unlocked positions.

4. In a padlock, the combination With the case thereof, of a shackle,pivotal tumblers engaging with the opposite edges of the nose of theshackle, and a guard-lever pivoted between the tumblers and adapted toembrace the outer edges thereof and preventing them from being jarredinto their unlocked positions and co-acting with the heel of theshackle, the ends of the said guard-lever moving in opposite directionsunder the influence of the key of the lock and of the shackle.

5. In a padlock, the combination with the case thereof, of a shackle,pivotal tumblers adapted to engage with the opposite edges of the noseof the shackle, one of the tumblers being furnished with alocking-projection and the other with a clearance notch, and atransversely arranged guard-lever pivoted between the tumblers andprovided at its respective ends with stumps, whereby the tumblers arevirtually embraced and prevented from being jarred into their un lockedpositions, the stump of one end of the guard lever passing above thelocking projection thereof, and the stump of the other end of the guardlever registering with a clearance slot in the other tumbler as the endsof the lever are swung in opposite directions under the influence of thekey of the lock.

6. In a padlock, the combination with the case thereof, of a shackle,two pivotal tumblers respectively arranged to engage with the oppositeedges of the nose of the shackle, and a guard-lever transverselyarranged with respect to the said tumblers, pivoted between them andcoacting with one of them to prevent its outward movement anddisengagement from the shackle.

In testimony whereof, I have signed this specification in the presenceof two subscribing witnesses.

, JAMES J. MURPHY. Witnesses:

OTIS B. HOUGH, G. W. PLUMB.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. 0.

